Types of mirrors and lenses pdf

Now that you know the basic mirror types, lets learn about other, more unusual types of mirrors. Patents for nonreversing mirrors go back as far as 1887, when john derby created one by placing two mirrors perpendicular to each other source. In the majority of the cases, a concave mirror produces real and inverted images except when the object is placed very near to the. A converging beam of light is incident upon the lens directed toward a virtual object o that is 60 cm from the lens. Lenses in optics applications types of lenses physics.

Lenses have the virtual side placed on left and real side placed on the right. Image is located between f and 2f image is located between f and 2f. Convex a convex lens is one where the center of the lens is thicker than the edges. We are familiar that the spherical mirrors are not plane, they are curved in one particular direction. A spherical mirror consists of a small section of the surface of a sphere with one side of the surface covered with a polished reflecting material, usually silver or aluminum. Here, the newspaper is the object and the focal point is where the image needs to be located. From the object side, with n1 1, to the lens of n2 n with curvature radius r1. The light will then be inverted at the focal plane. Aberration, in optical systems, such as lenses and curved mirrors, the deviation of light rays through lenses, causing images of objects to be blurred. The object distance is the distance from the object to the mirror or lens. Telescope types and designs there are three basic types of optical telescopes refractor, newtonian reflector and catadioptric. In order to obtain stereo pair every part of the ground to be surveyed must be photographed at least twice.

Lenses lenses are made of transparentmaterials, like glass or plastic. It allows greater area of the photograph to be covered. First we need the object and image distances away from the eyeglass lenses. A lens is a transparent device with two curved surfaces, usually made of glass or plastic, that uses refraction to form an image of an object. Figure 3 illustrates how images are formed by a plane mirror and curved mirrors. This type of mirror will produce only smaller and virtual images. The second lens, located behind the focal plane, which allows the observer to view the enlarged or magnified image. It is on the axis of a mirror where rays of light are parallel to the axis converge after reflection or refraction. Science plane, concave and convex mirrors and reflection. In this trivia questions quiz, you will get to learn some more about the different lenses and mirrors and how they differ from each other. Mirrors, which have curved surfaces designed to reflect rays, also form images. These laws of reflection are applicable to all types.

This property has put mirrors and lenses in use for centuries. A basic standard lens which sees the way our eyes see is different for different formats. Preparation see under safety to ensure mirrors have no rough edges. Stereoscopy stereoscope, types of stereoscope and flight. Concave mirror or converging lens p 2f 2f p f p mirror or diverging lens type. Eight important differences between convex and concave lens are compiled in the article in tabular form. The lens stereoscope, consists of two simple magnifying lenses mounted with a separation equal to the average interpupillary distance of the human eyes, but. Pdf the properties of real and virtual images formed by lenses and mirrors are. In an ideal system, every point on the object will focus to a point of zero size on the image. A mirror will have only one focal point, which is in front of the mirror. Ifthe outside, or convex surface, is silvered, we have a convex mirror. We take a brief look at some ways in which mirrors and lenses are utilised in technology. A concave mirror is also known as a converging mirror since in these type of mirrors light rays converge at a point after they strike and are reflected back from the reflecting surface of the concave mirror.

Then the two sides are combined to come up with the name of the lens. Difference between mirror and lens with comparison chart. Mirrors and lenses purpose to examine how different kinds of mirrors reflect light and how prisms and different kinds of lenses refract light. Everything you need to know to solve a lensesmirror. Spherical mirrors are of two types convex and concave. All of these telescopes are designed to collect light and bring it to a focus point so that it can be magnified by an eyepiece, however each design does it in a different manner. Each of a lens two faces is part of asphere and can be convex or concave if a lens is thicker at the center than theedges, it is a convex, or converging, lenssince parallel rays will be converged tomeet at the focus. Other types of lenses another way to classify lenses is by the curve of the glass on each side of the lens.

A ray parallel to mirror axis passes through the focal point of a concave mirror or appears to come from the focal point of a convex mirror. There are two types of curved mirror convex and concave. The rays of light coming from the point reflect according to. Reflection and refraction just an introduction class 10 ncert. Key properties of the image formed by an optical element for a real object. It bends light further away in the middle, more like the inside of a bowl. These lenses use some form of the cassegrain design which greatly reduces the physical length of the optical assembly, partly by folding the optical path, but mostly through the telephoto effect of the convex secondary mirror which multiplies. In a plane mirror the image is the same size as the object and the same way up. All of them are segments of spheres centered on a horizontal axis.

A converging lens is used to form a sharp image of a candle. Make the back edge about 5 cm longer than the front edge. There are two types of lenses, and they each change the perspective of how things look. Different types of mirrors and lenses by vishva patel on. The pupil is a little hole which allows light to pass into the eye. Hold a concave mirror in your hand and direct its reflecting surface towards the sun. Black art of massaging the merit function optimize for. Light reflection and refraction 161 let us recall these laws i the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection, and ii the incident ray, the normal to the mirror at the point of incidence and the reflected ray, all lie in the same plane. One such difference is the structure of convex lens is like, thicker at the centre and thinner at the edges. The most apparent distinction between mirrors and lenses are that mirrors reflect light rays light bounces back while light rays are refracted passthrough through a lens. It curves light away from its middle, like the outside portion of a bowl. Conversely, the concave lenses are thinner at the centre and thicker at its edges, in. Introduction to mirrors and lenses when the surface is smooth, such as the surface of glass or a mirror, then it can be easily demonstrated how reflected rays always obey the law of reflection as illustrated below. Light, mirrors, and lenses make the following foldable to help you understand the properties of and the relationship between light, mirrors, and lenses.

Convex mirror is also known as diverging mirror and concave mirror is known as converging mirror. A ray passing through the focus of a concave mirror or proceeding toward the focus of a convex mirror is reflected parallel to mirror. The first lens in a refracting telescope that light from a celestial object passes though. Variations of these factors in lenses should determine the type and quality of lens and pictures you get. The terms concave and convex are from the perspective of the object. A mirror that bulges outwards is called a convex mirror. The edges of concave mirrors always bend toward the oncoming light.

Uses a concave mirror, plane mirror and a convex lens to collect and focus light from objects at a great distance. Equipment ray box with planeconvexconcave mirror, convex lens, concave lens, prism reading lamp ruler protractor share. That is, place the object to the far left, then lens or mirror to the right of that object, and then puzzle out. As of 2010, mirrors and lenses are so prevalent that most people use them every day, regardless of whether or not they consciously perceive the use. To the right of the lens is water refractive index 1. It explains about properties of different types of mirrors and shows how different mirror. Various types of catadioptric systems are also used in camera lenses known alternatively as catadioptric lenses cats, reflex lenses, or mirror lenses. Find materials for this course in the pages linked along the left. On the other extreme, a lens is a part of transparent refracting medium, i. A greatly simplified view of the human eye is shown below. The concave lens is thin at its center and more thick at the tips, it separates the light rays, so, it is called the diverging lens special concepts related to the lenses.

Just how much do you know about the different types of lenses and mirrors. Find the distance from the object to the lens, and the distance of the image to the lens, by subtracting out the distance from the lens to the eye. Difference between convex and concave lens with figure. A system of lenses andor mirrors forms an image by gathering rays from an object and then causes them to converge or diverge. Pdf optical images due to lenses and mirrors researchgate. Because the rays do not actually converge on that point, this kind of image is called a virtual image. The video in english explains about different types of mirror i. Lens assembly is several layers of lenses of varying properties providing zoom, focusing, and distortion correction. The focal length, f, is the distance between f and the lens. The image distance is the distance from the image to the mirror or lens. The difference between mirror and lens is that mirror means a smooth and highly polished glass surface, through which images are formed by reflection, as the light falls on it. The center of the curvature of the lens face c is the center of the sphere, where this face is a part of it, the optical center of the lens is a point inside the lens lies on the principal axis in the mid. There are two basic types of stereoscopes for stereoscopic viewing of photographs, namely, the lens stereoscope and the mirror stereoscope. This article deals with mirror and lenses in the form of question and answers.

Ppt mirrors and lenses powerpoint presentation free to. As of 2010, mirrors and lenses are so prevalent that most people use them every day, regardless of whether or not they consciously. Practically, however, each image point occupies a volume of finite size and unsymmetrical shape, causing some blurring of the whole image. Lens curvature, width, position, type of glass some can be fixed, other vary with focal length, focus e. Uses of mirrors the most familiar type of mirror is the plane mirror which has a flat screen surface and is used to get a perfect reflection of what is happeneing in front of it, curved mirrors are also used, to produce magnified or diminished images or focus light or simply. Preface this book provides an introduction to the eld of optics from a physics perspective. Let us examine the path of a ray of light pa emitted by a source at p and reflected from a concave mirror at a, as shown in. With a converging lens, paraxial rays that are parallel to the principal axis converge to the focal point, f. Lenses lenses refract light in such a way that an image of the light source is formed.